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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="replace.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/replace"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::replace</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="substr.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/substr"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::substr</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="copy.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/copy"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::copy</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="resize.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/resize"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::resize</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="swap.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::swap</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">搜索</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="find.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/find"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::find</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="rfind.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/rfind"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::rfind</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="find_first_of.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/find first of"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::find_first_of</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="find_first_not_of.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/find first not of"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::find_first_not_of</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="find_last_of.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/find last of"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::find_last_of</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="find_last_not_of.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/find last not of"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::find_last_not_of</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5">常量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="npos.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/npos"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_string::npos</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5">非成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="operator%2B.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/operator+"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator+</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="swap2.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/swap2"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_string)</span></span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="operator%2522%2522s.html" title='cpp/string/basic string/operator""s'><span class="t-lines"><span>operator""s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="erase2.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/erase2"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_string)</span></span><span>erase_if<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_string)</span></span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> I/O</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="operator_ltltgtgt.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/operator ltltgtgt"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator&lt;&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;&gt;</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="getline.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/getline"><span class="t-lines"><span>getline</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">比较</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/operator cmp"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;=</span><span>operator&lt;=&gt;</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">数值转换 <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="stol.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/stol"><span class="t-lines"><span>stoi</span><span>stol</span><span>stoll</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="stoul.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/stoul"><span class="t-lines"><span>stoul</span><span>stoull</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="stof.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/stof"><span class="t-lines"><span>stof</span><span>stod</span><span>stold</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="to_string.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/to string"><span class="t-lines"><span>to_string</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="to_wstring.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/to wstring"><span class="t-lines"><span>to_wstring</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5">辅助类</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="hash.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/hash"><span class="t-lines"><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::wstring&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::u32string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::u16string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::u8string&gt;</span></span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="hash.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/hash"><span class="t-lines"><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::pmr::string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::pmr::wstring&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::pmr::u32string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::pmr::u16string&gt;</span></span><span>hash<span class="t-dsc-small">&lt;std::pmr::u8string&gt;</span></span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> <a href="deduction_guides.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/deduction guides">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> size_type count, CharT ch <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> size_type count, CharT ch <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(2)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> str <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> str <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(3)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx14">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> str,<br>
                      size_type pos, size_type count <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx14">(C++14 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx14 t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> str,<br>
                      size_type pos, size_type count <span class="sy1">=</span> npos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14 起)</span> <br><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> str,<br>
                                size_type pos, size_type count <span class="sy1">=</span> npos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(4)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> s, size_type count <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> s, size_type count <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(5)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> s <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> s <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(6)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> InputIt <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> InputIt first, InputIt last <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> InputIt <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> InputIt first, InputIt last <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(7)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11 t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="../../utility/initializer_list.html"><span class="kw960">std::<span class="me2">initializer_list</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT<span class="sy1">&gt;</span> ilist <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span> <br><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="../../utility/initializer_list.html"><span class="kw960">std::<span class="me2">initializer_list</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT<span class="sy1">&gt;</span> ilist <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(8)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17 t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> t <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span> <br><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> t <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(9)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17 t-until-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
<p>basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> t,<br>
</p>
                      size_type pos, size_type count <span class="sy1">=</span> npos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span> <br><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
<p><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> basic_string<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> append<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span> t,<br>
</p>
                                size_type pos, size_type count <span class="sy1">=</span> npos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>后附额外字符到字符串。
</p>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 后附 <code>count</code> 个 <code>ch</code> 的副本</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 后附 string <code>str</code></div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 后附 <code>str</code> 的子串 <code>[pos, pos+count)</code> 。若请求的子串越过 string 结尾，或若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">count <span class="sy1">==</span> npos</span></span> ，则后附的子串为 <code>[pos, size())</code> 。若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">pos <span class="sy1">&gt;</span> str.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ，则抛出 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../../error/out_of_range/out_of_range.html" title="cpp/error/out of range">std::out_of_range</a></span> 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> 后附范围 <code>[s, s + count)</code> 中的字符。此范围能含有空字符。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> 后附 <code>s</code> 所指向的空终止字符串。由首个空字符用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">length</span><span class="br0">(</span>s<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 确定字符串的长度。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">6)</span> 后附范围 <code>[first, last)</code> 中的字符。
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td>
<p>若 <code>InputIt</code> 为整数类型，则此重载与重载 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> 拥有相同效果。
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr>
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td>
<p>此重载仅若 <code>InputIt</code> 满足 <a href="../../named_req/InputIterator.html" title="cpp/named req/InputIterator"><i>遗留输入迭代器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyInputIterator)</span> </a> 的要求才参与重载决议。
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr>
</table></div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">7)</span> 后附来自 initializer_list <code>ilist</code> 的字符。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">8)</span> 如同用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1246">std::<span class="me2">basic_string_view</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT, Traits<span class="sy1">&gt;</span> sv <span class="sy1">=</span> t<span class="sy4">;</span></span></span> 隐式转换 <code>t</code> 为 string_view <code>sv</code> ，然后如同用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">append<span class="br0">(</span>sv.<span class="me1">data</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, sv.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 后附所有来自 <code>sv</code> 的字符。此重载仅若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../../types/is_convertible.html"><span class="kw593">std::<span class="me2">is_convertible_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span>, <a href="../basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1246">std::<span class="me2">basic_string_view</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT, Traits<span class="sy1">&gt;&gt;</span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 且 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../../types/is_convertible.html"><span class="kw593">std::<span class="me2">is_convertible_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span>, <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 才参与重载决议。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">9)</span> 如同用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1246">std::<span class="me2">basic_string_view</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT, Traits<span class="sy1">&gt;</span> sv <span class="sy1">=</span> t<span class="sy4">;</span></span></span> 隐式转换 <code>t</code> 为 string_view <code>sv</code> ，然后后附来自 <code>sv</code> 子视图 <code>[pos, pos+count)</code> 的字符。若请求的子视图越过 <code>sv</code> 的结尾，或若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">count <span class="sy1">==</span> npos</span></span> ，则后附的子视图为 <code>[pos, sv.size())</code> 。此重载仅若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../../types/is_convertible.html"><span class="kw593">std::<span class="me2">is_convertible_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span>, <a href="../basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1246">std::<span class="me2">basic_string_view</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>CharT, Traits<span class="sy1">&gt;&gt;</span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 且 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../../types/is_convertible.html"><span class="kw593">std::<span class="me2">is_convertible_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">const</span> T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span>, <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 才参与重载决议。</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td>  count
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要后附的字符数
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  pos
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要后附的首个字符下标
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  ch
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要后附的字符值
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  first, last
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要后附的字符范围
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  str
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 要后附的 string
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  s
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 指向要后附的字符串的指针
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  ilist
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 拥有要后附的字符的 initializer_list
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  t
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> 可转换为带要后附的字符的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../basic_string_view.html" title="cpp/string/basic string view">std::basic_string_view</a></span> 的对象
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>this</span></span>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
<p>无标准复杂度保证，典型实现表现类似 <a href="../../container/vector/insert.html" title="cpp/container/vector/insert">std::vector::insert</a> 。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
<p><span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx11"><span>若因任何原因抛出异常，则此函数无效果（强异常保证）。</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></span></span>
</p><p>若操作会导致 <code>size() &gt; max_size()</code> ，则抛出 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../../error/length_error/length_error.html" title="cpp/error/length error">std::length_error</a></span> 。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h3>
<p>下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。
</p>
<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
<tr>
<th> DR
</th>
<th> 应用于
</th>
<th> 出版时的行为
</th>
<th> 正确行为
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue2946">LWG 2946</a>
</td>
<td> C++17
</td>
<td> <code>string_view</code> 重载在某些情况下导致歧义
</td>
<td> 通过使之为模板来避免
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;string&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="../basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> str <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">"string"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy2">*</span> cptr <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">"C-string"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> carr<span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">"Two and one"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <a href="../basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> output<span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 1) 后附 char 3 次。</span>
    <span class="co1">// 注意，这是仅有的接受 char 的重载。</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">3</span>, <span class="st0">'*'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"1) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">//  2) 后附整个 string</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span>str<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"2) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 3) 后附字符串的一部分（此情况为最后 3 个字母）case)</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span>str, <span class="nu0">3</span>, <span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"3) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 4) 后附 C 字符串的一部分</span>
    <span class="co1">// 注意，因为 `append` 返回 *this ，我们能一同链式调用</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">1</span>, <span class="st0">' '</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span>carr, <span class="nu0">4</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"4) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 5) 后附整个 C 字符串</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span>cptr<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"5) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 6) 后附范围</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="../../iterator/begin.html"><span class="kw676">std::<span class="me2">begin</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>carr<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">+</span> <span class="nu0">3</span>, <a href="../../iterator/end.html"><span class="kw680">std::<span class="me2">end</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>carr<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"6) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 7) 后附 initializer_list</span>
    output.<span class="me1">append</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="st0">' '</span>, <span class="st0">'l'</span>, <span class="st0">'i'</span>, <span class="st0">'s'</span>, <span class="st0">'t'</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"7) "</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> output <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">1) ***
2) ***string
3) ***stringing
4) ***stringing Two 
5) ***stringing Two C-string
6) ***stringing Two C-string and one
7) ***stringing Two C-string and one list</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="operator%2B%3D.html" title="cpp/string/basic string/operator+="> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator+=</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  后附字符到结尾 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="../byte/strcat.html" title="cpp/string/byte/strcat"> <span class="t-lines"><span>strcat</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  连接两个字符串 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="../byte/strncat.html" title="cpp/string/byte/strncat"> <span class="t-lines"><span>strncat</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  连接两个字符串的一定量字符 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="../wide/wcscat.html" title="cpp/string/wide/wcscat"> <span class="t-lines"><span>wcscat</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  后附一个宽字符串的副本到另一个 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="../wide/wcsncat.html" title="cpp/string/wide/wcsncat"> <span class="t-lines"><span>wcsncat</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  后附来自一个宽字符串的一定量宽字符到另一个 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>

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